O Slick Holstein como uma alternativa para lidar com o estresse por calor em operações de laticínios tropicais
Resumo
O gado crioulo porto-riquenho é portador do gene Slick (SL) que resulta em uma pelagem curta e brilhante que lhe confere melhor tolerância ao calor, o que o torna um valioso recurso genético em programas de pecuária leiteira com o objetivo de aumentar a resiliência ao calor. O gene SL faz parte do pool genético do gado leiteiro porto-riquenho há tempo suficiente e tem rebanhos de gado SL Holstein registrados com porcentagens de ancestralidade> 93%. Avaliaram-se a produção de leite ao longo do ciclo de lactação e os intervalos de partos de vacas Holandesas registradas na leiteria El Remanso em Porto Rico. Os dados produtivos e reprodutivos foram obtidos no Dairy Records Management System (www.drms.org), para comparar a produção de 17 vacas Holstein SL registradas com 68 Holstein selvagem fenótipo (WT). Proc GLIMMIX do SAS (SAS University Edition, 2018) e um teste de Tukey foram usados para analisar a produção de leite durante o período quente usando um modelo que incluiu genótipo (SL e WT), estágio de lactação e número de lactação como efeitos fixos. O teste de Tukey também foi realizado comparando o intervalo de partos (IC) entre 4-12 SL e 4-12 WT com os dados de 2013-2016 (n varia de acordo com o ano). A produção média do SL foi de 16,59 ± 0,94 kg / dia, enquanto o WT produziu uma média de 14,83 ± 0,41 kg / dia (p = 0,746). O LS apresentou IC menor que o WT com média de 14,42 ± 0,13 vs 16,06 ± 0,08 (p = 0,001). Sob as condições climáticas de Porto Rico, vacas leiteiras SL apresentam melhor desempenho reprodutivo do que WT. O gene SL pode ser uma estratégia adaptativa para apoiar uma indústria de laticínios eficiente em um clima global mais quente.
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