The Argentine Criollo cattle: main characteristics of the breed

Abstract

The Argentine Creole cattle has its origins in the cattle introduced to America by the Spanish during colonization. Phenotypically it is characterized by the great diversity of coat colors and its horns, although there are also animals without it. The breed is also characterized by its relatively small body size and moderate milk aptitude, so that the breeding cows have low energy requirements for maintenance and production. In adverse nutritional environments, the Argentine Creole has a high response capacity. It distinguish for its fertility, calving ease, breeding capacity, longevity and resistance to different environmental factors, considering itself as a breed specialized in the production of calves. Under the same production conditions, the butcher performance of the beef and the quality of meat produced by Creole animals is similar to that of other bovine breeds. This animal genetic resource is considered of great value, and must be preserved due to its genetic variability to face current and future production challenges. The use of genetic resources is the best way to maintain the diversity of domestic animals, and Argentine Creole cattle have excellent qualities to improve cattle breeding in certain environments or through crossbreeding. At the country level, it is important to consider the definition of strategies that favor their diffusion and use.