Habilidad competitiva entre plantas de festuca alta libres e infectadas con hongo endófito bajo cosecha.

Habilidad competitiva de festuca alta con endófito

  • Lucas Ricardo Petigrosso Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5865-3181
  • Julieta Martinez Verneri
  • Osvaldo Néstor Fernández Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias - UMNdP

Abstract

Given the increased incidence of the endophyte Epichloë coenophiala in tall fescue pastures and the consequent risk of fescue toxicosis, it is important to understand the role played by competition between infected (E+) and endophyte-free (E-) plants in interaction with defoliation, in increasing the frequency of E+ on E-. A competition experiment with substitution design was conducted in field pots. Four genotypes E+ and E- of tall fescue were used (removal with fungicide and cloning). The obtained E- and E+ clones were grown as E+E+ and E-E- monocultures, or 1: 1 E+E- mixtures, at a constant density of 8 plants per pot (2 per genotype) and were combined with two levels of defoliation (without and with mechanical cut). Aerial biomass cuts were made every 2 weeks at 3 cm from the ground level. Endophyte-fescue symbiosis did not translate into higher aerial biomass of E+E+ monocultures compared to E-E-, regardless of cut treatment. In the control treatment without defoliation, the E-E- monocultures produced higher aerial biomass than the E+E+, suggesting a net cost of the symbiotic association. When both phenotypes grew in 1: 1 mixtures, E+ plants behaved as dominant, according to the estimated competition and aggressivity indices. Contrary to expectations, neither the periodic cutting of aerial biomass nor the provision of growth conditions without resource restrictions, neutralized an apparently beneficial effect of the symbiosis on E+ plants, growing in a 1: 1 mixture with E- plants. The incidence of infection in E+E- mixtures would tend to increase, at least under favourable conditions for plant growth, even in absence of other herbivores which could be deterred by E+ plants.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Agnusdei, M.G. and A. Mazzanti. 2001. Frequency of defoliation of native and naturalized species of the Flooding Pampas (Argentina). Grass and Forage Science 56: 344-351.

Allard, R.W. and A.D. Bradshaw. 1964. Implications of genotype-environmental interactions in applied plant breeding. Crop Science 4: 503-508.

Arachevaleta, M., C.W. Bacon, C.S. Hoveland, and D.E. Radcliffe. 1989. Effect of the tall fescue endophyte on plant responses to environmental stress. Agronomy Journal 81: 83-90.

Bacon, C.W. 1993. Abiotic stress tolerances (moisture, nutrients) and photosynthesis in endophyte infected all fescue. Agriculture, Ecosystms & Environment 44: 123-141.

Bacon, C.W., J.K. Porter, J.D. Robbins and E.S. Luttrell.1977. Epichloe typhina from toxic tall fescue grasses. Applied and Environment Microbiology 34: 576-581.

Belanger, F.C. 1996. A rapid seedling screening method for determination of fungal endophyte viability. Crop Science 36: 460-462.

Chen, W., H. Liu, W. Yubao Gao, S.D. Card and A. Ren. 2017. The advantages of endophyte infected over uninfected tall fescue in the growth and pathogen resistance are counteracted by elevated CO2. Scientific Reports 7: 6952. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-07183-y.

Cheplick, G.P. and K. Clay. 1988. Acquired chemical defenses of grasses: the role of fungal endophytes. Oikos 3: 309-318.

Clay, K. and C. Schardl. 2002. Evolutionary origins and ecological consequences of endophyte symbiosis with grasses. American Naturalist 160: 99-127. https://doi.org/10.1086/342161

Clay, K. 1988. Fungal endophytes of grasses: a defensive mutulism between plants and fungi. Ecology 69:10-16.

de Wit, C.T. 1960. On competition. Agricultural Research Reports 66.8, Pudoc, Wageningen, 82 pp.

de Wit, C.T. and J.P. van den Bergh. 1965. Competition between herbage plants Neth. Journal of Agricultural Science 13: 212 – 221.

De Battista, J., A. Peretti, S. Carletti, A. Ramirez, M. Costa, and L. Schultz. 1995. Evolución de la incidencia de la infección de Acremonium coenophialum en la oferta de semilla de festuca alta en Argentina. Período 1987-1994. Revista Argentina de Producción Animal 15: 300-302.

Elizalde, J. y Riffel, S. 2015. Alertan sobre festucosis en la Cuenca del Salado. [en línea] http://www.valorcarne.com.ar/alertan-sobre-festucosis-en-la-cuenca-del-salado/) [consulta: 20 de febrero de 2015].

Faeth, S.H., C.J. Hayes and D.R. Gardner. 2010. Asexual Endophytes in a Native Grass: Tradeoffs in Mortality, Growth, Reproduction, and Alkaloid Production. Microbial Ecology 60: 496–504

Faeth, S.H., M.L. Helander and K.T. Saikkonen. 2004. Asexual Neotyphodium endophytes in a native grass reduce competitive abilities. Ecology Letters 7: 304–313.

Faeth, S.H. and T.J. Sullivan 2003. Mutualistic asexual endophytes in a native grass are usually parasitic. The American Naturalist 161: 310-325.

Fasoula, D.A. and V.A. Fasoula. 1997. Competitive ability and plant breeding. Plant Breeding Review 14: 89-138.

Garcia, J.A., Canton, J.C., Garcia, B.L., Micheloud, J.F., Campero, C.M., Spath, E.J.A. and Odrizola, E.R. 2017. Retrospective analysis of cattle poisoning in Argentina (2000-2013). Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research 37:210-214.

Gundel, P.E., P. Sun, N.D. Charlton, C.A. Young, T.E.X. Miller and J.A. Rudgers. 2020. Simulated folivory increases vertical transmission of fungal endophytes that deter herbivores and alter tolerance to herbivory in Poa autumnalis. Annals of Botany mcaa021. https://doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcaa021

Harper, J.L. 1977. Population Biology of Plants, Academic Press, 892 p. New York.

Hill, N.S., W.C. Stringer, G.E. Rottinghaus, D.P. Belesky, W.A. Partot, and D.D. Pope. 1990. Growth, morphological and chemical component responses of tall fescue to Acremonium coenophialum. Crop Science 30: 156-161.

Hoveland, C.S. 1993. Economic importance of Acremonium endophytes. Agriulture, Ecosystems and Environment 44: 3-12.

Lattanzi, F.A., A. Mazzanti, and M.H. Wade. 2007. Seasonal animal production of temperate and Mediterranean tall fescue cultivars under continuous variable stocking with close control of sward state. Australian Journal of Agricultural Research 58: 203-213.

Leuchtmann, A, C.W. Bacon, C.L. Schardl, J.F. Jr. White and M. Tadych. 2014. Nomenclatural realignment of Neotyphodium species with genus Epichloë. Mycology 106: 202–215.

Lyons, P.C.; Evans, J.J. and Bacon, C.W. 1990. Effects of the fungal endophyte Acremonium coenophialum on nitrogen accumulation and metabolism in tall fescue. Plant Physiology 92: 726-732.

Malinowski, D. and D. Belesky. 2000. Adaptations of endophyte infected cool-season grasses to environmental stresses: mechanisms of drought and mineral stress tolerance. Crop Science 40: 923-940.

McGilchrist, C.A. and B.R. Trenbath. 1971. A revised analysis of plant competition experiments. Biometrics 27: 659–671.

Moore, J.D., A.E. Carlisle, J.A. Nelson and R.L. McCulley. 2019. Fungal endophyte infection increases tall fescue's survival, growth, and flowering in a reconstructed prairie. Restoration Ecology 27: 1000-1007. https://doi.org/10.1111/rec.12960.

Omacini, M., E.J. Chaneton, and C.M. Ghersa. 2005. A Hierarchical framework for Understanding the Ecosystem consequences of Endophyte-Grass Symbioses. En: Roberts, C. (ed.), Neotyphodium in Cool-Season Grasses. Blackwell Publshing. Ames, Iowa, EUA. 141-162 pp.

Park, S.E., L.R. Benjamin and A.R. Watkinson. 2003. The Theory and Application of Plant Competition Models: an Agronomic Perspective. Annals of Botany 92: 741-748.

Petigrosso, L.R. P.E. Gundel, M.N. Colabelli, O.N. Fernández, and S.G. Assuero. 2019a. Hongos endófitos en festuca alta: del problema a las soluciones. Revista de Investigación Agropecuaria 45: 292-303.

Petigrosso, L.R.; Laboranti, M.A.; Vignolio, O.R.; Echeverría, M.M. y Castaño, J.A. 2019b. Impacto de diferentes tratamientos de remoción de la vegetación en pasturas de festuca alta infectada con endófito asexual. Revista Argentina de Producción Animal. 38(2): 49-61.

Petigrosso, L.R., M.N. Colabelli, O.N. Fernández, V. Ispizúa, and M.G. Cendoya. 2013. Incidence of the endophyte fungus Neotyphodium coenophialum in pastures of tall fescue differing in age and soil characteristics. African Journal of Agricultural Research 8: 2655-2662.

R Core Team. 2018. R: A Language and Environment for Statistical Computing. R Foundation for Statistical Computing, Vienna. https://www.R-project.org

Rice, J.S., B.W. Pinkerton, W.C. Stringer and D.J. Undersander. 1990. Seed production in tall fescue as affected by fungal endophyte. Crop Science 30: 1303-1305.

Richardson, D.M. and P. Pysek. 2006. Plant invasions: merging the concepts of species invasiveness and community invisibility. Progress in Physical Geography 30: 409–431.

Saikkonen, K., T.D. Phillips, S.H. Faeth, R.L. McCulley, I. Saloniemi and M. Helander. 2016. Performance of endophyte infected tall fescue in Europe and North America. PLoS ONE 11(6): e0157382. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0157382.

Saikkonen, K., D. Ion and M. Gyllenberg. 2002. The persistence of vertically transmitted fungi in grass metapopulations. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London B, Biological Sciences 269, 1397–1403.

Scheneiter, J.O., I.I.; Kaufmann, A.R. Ferreyra, and R.T. Llorente. 2016. The herbage productivity of tall fescue in the Pampas region of Argentina is correlated to its ecological niche. Grass and Forage Science 71: 403-412.

Selosse, M.A. and C.L. Schardl. 2007 Fungal endophytes of grasses: hybrids rescued by vertical transmission? An evolutionary perspective. New Phytology 173: 452-458.

Slaughter, L.C., J.A. Nelson, A.E. Carlisle, M. Bourguignon, R.D. Dinkins, T.D. Phillips and R.L. McCulley. 2019. Tall Fescue and E. coenophiala Genetics Influence Root-Associated Soil Fungi in a Temperate Grassland. Frontiers in Microbiology 10: 2380. https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02380

Spitters, C.J.T. 1979. Competition and its consequences for selection in barley breeding. Agric. Res. Rep. (Versl. landbouwk. Onderz.). Doctoral Thesis, Wageningen. 268 p.

Weiner, J. and R.P. Freckleton. 2010. Constant Final Yield. Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution and Systematics 41: 173–192.

Weigelt, A. and P. Jolliffe. 2003. Indices of plant competition. Journal of Ecology 91: 707–720.

White, J.F. Jr., G. Morgan-Jones and A.C. Morrow. 1993. Taxonomy, life cicle, reproduction and detection of Acremonium endophytes. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment 44: 13-37.

Young, C.A., D.E. Hume and R.L. McCulley. 2013. Fungal endophytes of tall fescue and perennial ryegrass: Pasture friend or foe? Journal of Animal Science 91: 2379–2394.

Published
2021-03-05
How to Cite
Petigrosso, Lucas Ricardo, Julieta Martinez Verneri, and Osvaldo Néstor Fernández. 2021. “Habilidad Competitiva Entre Plantas De Festuca Alta Libres E Infectadas Con Hongo endófito Bajo cosecha.: Habilidad Competitiva De Festuca Alta Con endófito ”. Archivos Latinoamericanos De Producción Animal 29 (1-2), 37-45. https://doi.org/10.53588/alpa.291205.
Section
Original paper