Nutritional quality and health indices of high-value chicken meat cuts from poultry fed with canola meal

J. Mercedes Rodriguez; Marta Del Puerto; Cabrera M.  Cristina; Ayrton Da Silva; Ali  Saadoun

J. Mercedes Rodriguez Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4385-7198
Marta Del Puerto Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9028-2037
Cabrera M. Cristina Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7964-6669
Ayrton Da Silva Facultad de Agronomía, Universidad de la República https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4646-6258
Ali Saadoun Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de la República https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2251-6748

Keywords: canola meal, poultry meat, fatty acids, polyphenols

Abstract

The nutritional quality, particularly fatty acids of chicken meat, with cuts such as breast, thigh, and leg, largely appreciated by consumers, is influenced by diet. Canola meal (CM), a co-product from the oil industry of Brassica juncea or nappus, low in glucosinolates and erucic acid, is an alternative source to enriching the meat in fatty acids essential for the human nutrition. Also canola meal is rich in polyphenols compounds with a protective role against oxidation. Then, the aim of this research was to study the impact of the inclusion of canola meal in the diet for growing chickens, on fatty acids and polyphenol content and health indices of high-value cuts such as breast, thigh, and leg. One-day-old Cobb-500 male chickens reared until day 20 with a starter diet (22% CP; 3000 kcal ME/kg), and at day 21, were distributed randomly in four experimental diets (n=24/diet; 21% CP and 3100 kcal ME/kg), a corn-soybean basal diet (0% canola meal), and three other corn-soybean diets with 2,5%, 5%, and 10% of canola meal. On day 49, chickens were sacrificed in a commercial slaughterhouse. Lipid content (Folch procedure), fatty acids (FA) by GC, health index composition (atherogenic and thrombogenic index) total polyphenols (Folin-Ciocalteau) were determined in the three musles and data analyzed by ANOVA one way and Tukey-Kramer test (p<0.05). CM (57% C18:1; 24.5% C18:2n6 and 4.5% C18:3n3) inclusion at 2.5, 5, and 10% in the chickens grower-finisher diet decreased saturated FA in breast and increased monounsaturated and at 10% increased n-3 FA in leg and thigh cut, decreased the atherogenic and thrombogenic index and in leg increased the polyphenol total. Increasing in DHA was largely dependent of the dose and cut. It was concluded that canola meal at 2.5 to 10 % in chicken diet, positively impacted the nutritional quality of meat.

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The nutritional quality, particularly fatty acids of chicken meat, with cuts such as breast, thigh, and leg, largely appreciated by consumers, is influenced by diet. Canola meal, a co-product resulting from the oil industry of Brassica juncea or nappus, low in glucosinolates and erucic acid, is an alternative source to enriching the meat in fatty acids essential for the human nutrition. Also canola meal is rich in polyphenols compounds with a protective role against oxidation. Then, the aim of this research was to study the impact of the inclusion of canola meal in the diet for growing chickens, on fatty acids and polyphenol content and health indices of high-value cuts such as breast, thigh, and leg. One-day-old Cobb-500 male chickens reared until day 20 with a starter diet (22% CP; 3000 kcal ME/kg), and at day 21, were distributed randomly in four experimental diets (n=24/diet; 21% CP and 3100 kcal ME/kg), a corn-soybean basal diet (0% canola meal), and three other corn-soybean diets with 2,5%, 5%, and 10% of canola meal. On day 49, previous fasting, chickens were sacrificed in a commercial slaughterhouse. After chilling, at 24 hours post mortem, lipid content (Folch procedure), fatty acids (FA) by GC, health index estimated based on FA composition (atherogenic and thrombogenic index) and total polyphenols content (Folin-Ciocalteau) were determined in breast, thigh and leg and data analyzed by ANOVA one way and Tukey-Kramer test (p<0.05) for each cut. Canola meal (57% C18:1; 24.5% C18:2n6 and 4.5% C18:3n3) inclusion at 2.5, 5, and 10% in the grower-finisher diet for chickens decreased saturated FA in breast and increased monounsaturated and at 10% increased n-3 FA in leg and thigh cut, decreased the atherogenic and thrombogenic index and in leg increased the polyphenol total. Increasing in DHA was largely dependent of the dose and cut. It was concluded that canola meal at 2.5 to 10 % in chicken diet, positively impacted the nutritional quality of meat.