Morfometría del cerdo criollo del Pacifico Colombiano

Abstract

In order to characterize morphologically the creole pig population from the Colombian Pacific region, a random sample of 83 pigs over 8 months of age from Chocó, Cauca y Nariño was obtained. In the Pacific of Valle del Cauca creole pigs were not found. Using tools like hipometer, metric tape and compass, and with direct observation, 14 morphological measurements, five zoometric indices and 10 qualitative variables were determined. Creole pigs from Nariño showed higher values ​​in 11 of 14 variables were obtained. Morphological measurements and zoometric indices were analyzed with descriptive statistic and analysis of variance, and with quantitative variables, a principal component analysis was made. Qualitative variables were analyzed by frequencies. A canonical discriminant analysis for cuantitative and qualitative variables was made. Chocó creole pigs are brevilineal, Nariño creole pigs are mesolineal and Cauca creole pigs are longuilineal. In Chocó are dolichocephalic and dominates the heights off the body length. In Cauca and Nariño are mesocephalic and body form is similar to a rectangle. Qualitatively subconcavilineal profile, the cloven hoof, an average of 12 nipples and celtic ear were dominant, although in Cauca was presented in the same proportion as the Iberian type. The coat color in pigs of Chocó was mostly black, in Cauca blond with black spots and Nariño black piebaldism predominated. Two distinct groups was determined: one corresponding to creole pigs from afro descendant communities of Chocó, living in warm weather conditions, rainy intertropical and another consisting of creole pigs of indigenous communities of Cauca  and Nariño, linving in proximity to the mountains, in temperate and cold climate, which shows a clear morphological adaptation of the climatic environment the region where are the animals.